What characterizes a ritornello in Baroque music?

A ritornello in Baroque music is characterized by a short, recurring instrumental passage. This musical form often serves as a refrain that returns multiple times throughout a piece, typically in the context of a concerto or an aria. The ritornello phrase provides structural coherence and contrast, framing the sections that feature soloists or vocalists.

In practice, the ritornello often contrasts with the more elaborate and virtuosic passages played by the soloist, creating a dynamic interplay between the full ensemble and the solo parts. This form is pivotal in establishing the thematic material that underpins the structure of the composition, allowing listeners to recognize and anticipate the return of familiar musical ideas.

The other options present characteristics that do not align with the definition of a ritornello. A long vocal passage, a specific dance rhythm, and a solo instrumental piece highlight different aspects of musical structure, but none encapsulate the essence of the ritornello's role within the Baroque framework.