What is the definition of a cantata?

The definition of a cantata is a vocal composition with instrumental accompaniment. This form typically involves one or more vocal soloists, a chorus, and an instrumental ensemble, functioning as a significant mode of expression in both sacred and secular contexts.

Historically, cantatas evolved during the Baroque period, with notable composers such as Johann Sebastian Bach expanding the form primarily for church services. Although they often include a narrative or thematic element, which could be tied to liturgical texts or secular themes, the defining feature remains the combination of voices and instruments delivering expressive music.

This option encapsulates the essence of what a cantata is, focusing on its structural components rather than its context or specific performance situations. Other options, while they may refer to different musical forms or functions, do not accurately define the cantata as understood in the canon of Western music history.