Which composer is considered to represent the late Renaissance period?

The composer widely regarded as representing the late Renaissance period is Palestrina. His work exemplifies numerous characteristics typical of this era, including the refinement of polyphonic texture, the development of clearer counterpoint, and a focus on sacred music that adhered to the Catholic Church's needs during the Counter-Reformation. Palestrina’s style is often characterized by its clarity, beauty, and balance, which resonate with the ideals of Renaissance humanism and devotional practices.

His compositions, particularly the Masses and motets, reflect an advanced understanding of harmonic language and formal design that ultimately set the standard for choral music in subsequent periods. Palestrina's influence has been so significant that his style is frequently referenced in the teachings of music theory and choral practice, illustrating his lasting importance in the canon of Western music. This legacy aligns him firmly within the late Renaissance context, marking a transition towards the Baroque while firmly rooted in Renaissance tradition.